Peanut oil, also referred to as groundnut oil or arachis oil, is a vegetable-derived oil made from the edible seeds of the peanut plant.
Though the peanut plant flowers above ground, the seeds or peanuts actually develop underground. This is why peanuts are also known as groundnuts.
Peanuts are often grouped with tree nuts like walnuts and almonds, but they are actually a type of legume that belongs to the pea and bean family.
Depending on processing, peanut oil can have a wide range of flavors that vary from mild and sweet to strong and nutty.
Types Groundnut Oil/ Peanut Oil
There are several different types of peanut oil. Each one is made using different techniques:
- Refined
peanut oil: This type is refined, bleached and deodorized,
which removes the allergenic parts of the oil. It is typically safe for
those with peanut allergies. It is commonly used by restaurants to fry
foods like chicken and french fries. - Cold-pressed
peanut oil: In this method, peanuts are crushed to force
out the oil. This low-heat process retains much of the natural peanut
flavor and more nutrients than refining does. - Gourmet
peanut oil: Considered a specialty oil, this type is
unrefined and usually roasted, giving the oil a deeper, more intense
flavor than refined oil. It is used to give a strong, nutty flavor to
dishes like stir-fries. - Peanut oil blends: Peanut oil is often blended with a similar tasting but less expensive
oil like soybean oil. This type is more affordable for consumers and is
usually sold in bulk for frying foods.
Uses Groundnut Oil/ Peanut Oil
Peanut oil is widely used around the world but is most common in Chinese, South Asian and Southeast Asian cooking.
It became more popular in the United States during World War II when other oils were scarce due to food shortages.
It has a high smoke point of 437℉ (225℃) and is commonly used to fry foods.
Potential Benefits of Peanut Oil
Peanut oil is a great source of vitamin E.
It has also been linked to some health benefits, including reducing certain risk factors for heart disease and lowering blood sugar levels in people with diabetes.
Peanut Oil Is High in Vitamin E
Just one tablespoon of peanut oil contains 11% of the recommended daily intake of vitamin E (1).
Vitamin E is actually the name for a group of fat-soluble compounds that have many important functions in the body.
The main role of vitamin E is to function as an antioxidant, protecting the body from harmful substances called free radicals.
Free radicals can cause damage to cells if their numbers grow too high in the body. They have been linked to chronic diseases like cancer and heart disease (2Trusted Source).
What’s more, vitamin E helps to keep the immune system strong, which protects the body from bacteria and viruses. It is also essential for red blood cell formation, cell signaling and preventing blood clots.
It May Reduce Heart Disease Risk
Peanut oil is high in both monounsaturated (MUFA) and polyunsaturated (PUFA) fats, both of which have been researched extensively for their roles in reducing heart disease.
There is good evidence that consuming unsaturated fats can lower certain risk factors associated with heart disease.
Peanut Oil May Improve Insulin Sensitivity
Studies have shown that monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fats may improve blood sugar control in people with diabetes.
Consuming any fat with carbohydrates helps slow the absorption of sugars in the digestive tract and leads to a slower rise in blood sugar.
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